Zomwe zimatchedwaaloyi chitsulo chitolirondi kuwonjezera zinthu zina aloyi pamaziko a carbon zitsulo, monga Si, Mn, W, V, Ti, Cr, Ni, Mo, etc., amene angathe kusintha mphamvu, kulimba, kuumitsa, weldability, etc. zitsulo.ntchito.Chitsulo cha aloyi chikhoza kugawidwa molingana ndi zomwe zili ndi zinthu za alloy, ndipo pakupanga mafakitale ndi moyo, zitsulo za alloy zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale apadera, komanso ndizofala kugawa malinga ndi cholinga.
Gulu molingana ndi zomwe zili ndi ma alloying
Chitsulo chochepa cha alloy: kuchuluka kwa aloyi ndi zosakwana 5%;
Sing'anga alloy zitsulo: kuchuluka kwa aloyi ndi 5 ~ 10%;
Chitsulo chachikulu cha aloyi: kuchuluka kwa aloyi ndipamwamba kuposa 10%.
Kugawa ndi cholinga
Aloyi structural zitsulo: otsika aloyi structural zitsulo (amadziwikanso kuti wamba otsika aloyi chitsulo);aloyi carburizing zitsulo, aloyi kuzimitsidwa ndi kutentha zitsulo, aloyi kasupe zitsulo;mpira wokhala ndi chitsulo
Aloyi chida zitsulo: aloyi kudula chida zitsulo (kuphatikizapo otsika aloyi kudula chida chitsulo, mkulu-liwiro zitsulo);aloyi kufa zitsulo (kuphatikizapo ozizira kufa chitsulo, otentha kufa chitsulo);zitsulo zoyezera zida
Chitsulo chapadera chochita: chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chitsulo chosagwira kutentha, chitsulo chosagwira ntchito, etc.
Aloyi nambala yachitsulo
Low aloyi mkulu mphamvu structural chitsulo
Dzina lake lachidziwitso limakonzedwa mwadongosolo ndi magawo atatu: chilembo cha pinyin cha ku China (Q) choyimira malo okolola, mtengo wa malire a zokolola, ndi chizindikiro cha kalasi yabwino (A, B, C, D, E).Mwachitsanzo, Q390A imatanthawuza chitsulo chochepa cha alloy champhamvu kwambiri chokhala ndi mphamvu zokolola σs=390N/mm2 ndi mtundu A.
Aloyi structural chitsulo
Dzina lake lili ndi magawo atatu: "ma manambala awiri, zilembo khumi + manambala".Ziwerengero ziwiri zoyambirira zimayimira nthawi 10,000 kuchuluka kwa kagawo kakang'ono ka kaboni muzitsulo, chizindikiro cha chinthu chikuwonetsa zinthu zomwe zili muzitsulo, ndipo manambala omwe ali kumbuyo kwa chizindikirocho amawonetsa nthawi 100 kuchuluka kwa gawo la chinthucho.Pamene avareji ya gawo la ma alloying ndi osakwana 1.5%, nthawi zambiri maelementi okha ndi omwe amawonetsedwa koma osati kuchuluka kwa manambala;pamene pafupifupi misa kagawo ndi ≥1.5%, ≥2.5%, ≥3.5%, ..., 2 ndi 3 molingana chizindikiro kuseri kwa zinthu alloying , 4, ...Mwachitsanzo, 40Cr ili ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka kaboni Wc=0.4%, ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka chromium WCr<1.5%.Ngati ndi chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri, onjezerani "A" kumapeto kwa kalasi.Mwachitsanzo, chitsulo cha 38CrMoAlA ndi chachitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri cha alloy structural steel.
Kugudubuza kubala zitsulo
Onjezani "G" (chilembo choyamba cha pinyin yaku China cha mawu oti "mpukutu") kutsogolo kwa dzina lachizindikiro, ndipo nambala kumbuyo kwake ikuwonetsa kagawo ka chikwi kagawo kakang'ono ka chromium, ndipo gawo lalikulu la kaboni silinadziwike. .Mwachitsanzo, chitsulo cha GCr15 ndi chitsulo chopindika chokhala ndi gawo lalikulu la chromium WCr = 1.5%.Ngati chitsulo chokhala ndi chromium chili ndi zinthu zina zophatikizika kupatula chromium, njira yofotokozera zinthuzi ndi yofanana ndi yachitsulo chopangidwa ndi aloyi.Zitsulo zopukutira ndizitsulo zapamwamba kwambiri, koma "A" sichiwonjezedwa pambuyo pa giredi.
Aloyi chida chitsulo
Kusiyana pakati pa manambala njira ya mtundu uwu wa chitsulo ndi aloyi structural zitsulo ndi kuti pamene Wc <1%, chiwerengero chimodzi ntchito kusonyeza chikwi kuchulukitsa kagawo kakang'ono ka carbon;pamene gawo lalikulu la mpweya ndi ≥1%, silimalembedwa.Mwachitsanzo, chitsulo cha Cr12MoV chili ndi kagawo kakang'ono ka kaboni ka Wc = 1.45% ~ 1.70%, kotero sichimalembedwa; gawo lalikulu la Cr ndi 12%, ndipo magawo a Mo ndi V onse ndi osakwana 1.5%. .Chitsanzo china ndi chitsulo cha 9SiCr, pafupifupi Wc = 0.9%, ndipo pafupifupi WCr ndi <1.5%. aloyi chida zitsulo ndi mkulu-liwiro chida zitsulo ndi apamwamba kalasi apamwamba zitsulo, palibe chifukwa cholemba "A" pambuyo kalasi yake.
Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ndi chitsulo chosagwira kutentha
Nambala kutsogolo kwa mtundu uwu wa zitsulo kalasi limasonyeza nthawi chikwi cha carbon misa kachigawo.Mwachitsanzo, 3Crl3 zitsulo zikutanthauza kuti pafupifupi misa kagawo Wc = 0.3%, ndi pafupifupi misa kagawo WCr = 13%.Pamene gawo lalikulu la mpweya Wc ≤ 0.03% ndi Wc ≤ 0.08%, zikusonyezedwa ndi "00" ndi "0" kutsogolo kwa mtundu, monga 00Cr17Ni14Mo2,0Cr19Ni9 chitsulo, etc.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-13-2023